In that 1979 book she concluded that Communism benefited workers, who were recruited into party roles, educated, then given managerial or professional positions. However, she was attacked by both left and right – the latter accused her of being a Stalin apologist – after publishing works such as Education and Social Mobility in the Soviet Union, 1921–1932. They sought a more nuanced understanding of Soviet society than the basic dichotomy of supporters and dissidents.įitzpatrick scrutinised issues such as class, identity, education and social mobility, while taking care to avoid whitewashing Stalinism’s horrors. The revisionists rejected the “totalitarian” model of their predecessors, who interpreted history from the standpoint of the state and its leaders.
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